
nmbd.8

Samba
23 Oct 1998


NAME


nmbd - NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS over IP naming services to clients
nmbd - ͻṩIP֮ϵNetBIOSַNetBIOSַ

SYNOPSIS


nmbd [-D] [-a] [-o] [-h] [-V] [-H lmhosts file] [-d debuglevel] [-l log file basename] [-n primary NetBIOS name] [-p port number] [-s configuration file] [-i NetBIOS scope]

DESCRIPTION


This program is part of the Samba suite.
˳samba׼һ֡ 

nmbd is a server that understands and can reply to NetBIOS over IP name service
requests, like those produced by SMBD/CIFS clients such as Windows 95/98, 
Windows NT and LanManager clients. It also participates in the browsing protocols
which make up the Windows "Network Neighborhood" view.
nmbdһӦIP֮ϵNetBIOSַķЩSMBD/CIFS
ͻ(Windows 95/98NTLanManagerͻ)ȻҲ빹Windows"
ھӡ鿴Э顣

SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to locate an SMB/CIFS server. That
is, they wish to know what IP number a specified host is using.
SMB/CIFSͻʱͼһSMB/CIFS˵øȷЩҪ֪
ʹõӦIPַ

Amongst other services, nmbd will listen for such requests, and if its own NetBIOS 
name is specified it will respond with the IP number of the host it is running on. Its 
"own NetBIOS name" is by default the primary DNS name of the host it is running 
on, but this can be overridden with the -n option (see OPTIONS below). Thus nmbd
will reply to broadcast queries for its own name(s). Additional names for nmbd to 
respond on can be set via parameters in the smb.conf(5) configuration file.
ķУnmbdͻNetBIOSѱָĻ
еIPַظNetBIOS֡Ĭ½е
DNSе֣-n(鿴OPTIONS)ԽӶnmbd
Ӧ㲥ѯҪnmbdӦֵĻsmb.conf(5)ļͨ
趨

nmbd can also be used as a WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) server. What this
basically means is that it will act as a WINS database server, creating a database from
name registration requests that it receives and replying to queries from clients for these
names.
nmbdҲһWINS(WindowsƷ)ΪWINSݿʱ
עһݿԽպͻӦͻЩֵĲѯ

In addition, nmbd can act as a WINS proxy, relaying broadcast queries from clients that 
do not understand how to talk the WINS protocol to a WIN server.
⣬nmbdҲWINSתûֱWINSЭWINS̸Ĺ㲥ѯ

OPTIONS
ѡ 

-D 
If specified, this parameter causes nmbd to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches 
itself and runs in the background, fielding requests on the appropriate port. By default,
nmbd will NOT operate as a daemon. nmbd can also be operated from the inetd 
meta-daemon, although this is not recommended. 
ָĻʹnmbdΪһ̨ػС䱾Ľں̨
УʵĶ˿Ĭ£nmbdԺ̨ʽСnmbdҲͨinetd
ػƼ 

-a 
If this parameter is specified, each new connection will append log messages to the log 
file. This is the default. 
ʹÿµӶΪ¼ӵ¼ϢļĬ½ʹá 

-o 
If this parameter is specified, the log files will be overwritten when opened. By default, the
log files will be appended to. 
ʹ󣬼¼ļǡĬǶԼ¼ļӲ 

-h 
Prints the help information (usage) for nmbd. 
ӡnmbdİϢ(÷) 

-V 
Prints the version number for nmbd. 
ӡnmbdİ汾Ϣ 

-H filename 
NetBIOS lmhosts file.
ָNetBIOSlmhostsļ 

The lmhosts file is a list of NetBIOS names to IP addresses that is loaded by the nmbd
server and used via the name resolution mechanism name resolve order described in
smb.conf (5) to resolve any NetBIOS name queries needed by the server. Note that 
the contents of this file are NOT used by nmbd to answer any name queries. Adding a
line to this file affects name NetBIOS resolution from this host ONLY.
NetBIOSlmhostsļһNetBIOSֵIPַӦϵбnmbdͨ
smb.conf (5)ļname resolve orderֽװʹļԱ÷
ܵNetBIOSֲѯע⵽nmbdļشֲܵѯ
ļֻӰ챾NetBIOSֽ

The default path to this file is compiled into Samba as part of the build process. Common
defaults are /usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts, /usr/samba/lib/lmhosts or /etc/lmhosts. See
the lmhosts (5) man page for details on the contents of this file.
ļĬϴ·ѱΪ봦һּ뵽sambaˡͨĬ·
/usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts  /etc/lmhostslmhosts (5)
ֲҳвļϸݡ

-d debuglevel 
debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10.
debuglevelһ010 

The default value if this parameter is not specified is zero.
ûָ˲Ĭϵֵ0

The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of
the server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a
reasonable level for day to day running - it generates a small amount of information about
operations carried out.
ֵԽߣԽڷϸϢ¼ļС0Լʱֻ¼
ؾ档Լյз1ԼǸĵȼֻһĹִв
Ϣ

Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used 
when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and
generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
1ϵĵԼ൱ļ¼ݣֻоʱá3ϵĵԼֻΪÿ
ʹòļ¼ݣкܶಿַǳ⡣

Note that specifying this parameter here will override the log level parameter in the
smb.conf (5) file.
עڴʹԽsmb.conf (5)ļеlog level

-l logfile 
The -l parameter specifies a path and base filename into which operational data from the
running nmbd server will be logged. The actual log file name is generated by appending the
extension ".nmb" to the specified base name. For example, if the name specified was "log"
then the file log.nmb would contain the debugging data.
ò-lָһ·ļnmbdΪ¼ļƺԶ
.nmbչ磬ָ¼ļΪlogʱlog.nmb¼Щݡ

The default log file path is compiled into Samba as part of the build process. Common defaults
are /usr/local/samba/var/log.nmb, /usr/samba/var/log.nmb or /var/log/log.nmb.
ȻĬϵļ¼ļ·ϢѾΪ봦һдsambaСͨĬϵ·ļ
/usr/local/samba/var/log.nmb/usr/samba/var/log.nmb  /var/log/log.nmb 

-n primary NetBIOS name 
This option allows you to override the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical
to setting the NetBIOS name parameter in the smb.conf file but will override the setting in the
smb.conf file. 
ѡָһsambaʹõNetBIOS֡ͬģҪﵽĿҲsmb.conf
ļNetBIOS nameн趨ͲҪԽsmb.confļе趨ˡ 

-p UDP port number 
UDP port number is a positive integer value.
֪UDP˿ںűΪһ

This option changes the default UDP port number (normally 137) that nmbd responds to name
queries on. Don't use this option unless you are an expert, in which case you won't need help!
ǿѡınmbdӦѯĬUDP˿ں(ͨ137)λⷽרң
벻Ҫѡı

-s configuration file 
The default configuration file name is set at build time, typically as /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf,
but this may be changed when Samba is autoconfigured.
ѾڱʱĬϵļͨ/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.confǵsamba
ԶʱҲͨıĬֵ

The file specified contains the configuration details required by the server. See smb.conf (5) for
more information.
ļа˷ϸϢҪøϢμsmb.conf (5)

-i scope 
This specifies a NetBIOS scope that nmbd will use to communicate with when generating NetBIOS
names. For details on the use of NetBIOS scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS
scopes are very rarely used, only set this parameter if you are the system administrator in charge
of all the NetBIOS systems you communicate with. 
ָһnmbdNetBIOSͨʱҪNetBIOSΧNetBIOSΧ
Բμrfc1001.txtrfc1002.txtļеϸ塣ʵNetBIOSΧĸٱõ
ΪNetBIOSͨŵĹԱʱҪá 

FILES
ļ

/etc/inetd.conf 
If the server is to be run by the inetd meta-daemon, this file must contain suitable startup information
for the meta-daemon.
inetdػnmbdôļаʵϢ 

/etc/rc 
(or whatever initialization script your system uses).
(Ҳϵͳõʼű) 

If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to contain an appropriate startup
sequence for the server.
űnmbdôļָʵĴ 

/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf 
This is the default location of the smb.conf server configuration file. Other common places that
systems install this file are /usr/samba/lib/smb.conf and /etc/smb.conf.
Ƿļsmb.confĬϵĴλáϵͳװļͨһЩλҲ
/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf and /etc/smb.conf

When run as a WINS server (see the wins support parameter in the smb.conf (5) man page),
nmbd will store the WINS database in the file wins.dat in the var/locks directory configured under
wherever Samba was configured to install itself.
nmbdWINSʱ(μsmb.conf (5)ֲҳжwins support)WINS
ݿļwins.datд/var/locksĿ¼¡ 

If nmbd is acting as a browse master (see the local master parameter in the smb.conf (5) man
page), nmbd will store the browsing database in the file browse.dat in the var/locks directory
configured under wherever Samba was configured to install itself.
nmbdΪ(μsmb.conf (5)ֲҳжlocal master)
browse.datд/var/locksĿ¼¡

SIGNALS
ź

To shut down an nmbd process it is recommended that SIGKILL (-9) NOT be used, except as a
last resort, as this may leave the name database in an inconsistent state. The correct way to
terminate nmbd is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.
ǲƼʹSIGKILL (-9)ֹnmbd̳ķΪܵݿⲻ
ЭȷķǷSIGTERM (-15)źŲȴн

nmbd will accept SIGHUP, which will cause it to dump out it's namelists into the file namelist.debug
in the /usr/local/samba/var/locks directory (or the var/locks directory configured under wherever
Samba was configured to install itself). This will also cause nmbd to dump out it's server database
in the log.nmb file. In addition, the debug log level of nmbd may be raised by sending it a SIGUSR1
(kill -USR1 <nmbd-pid>) and lowered by sending it a SIGUSR2 (kill -USR2 <nmbd-pid>). This is to
allow transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running at a normally low log level.
nmbdԽSIGHUPźţ򽫰嵥дλ/usr/local/samba/var/locks(var/locks)
Ŀ¼µnamelist.debugļͬʱźҲ³ѷϵдlog.nmbļ⣬
nmbdĵԼ¼ȼҲͨһSIGUSR1ź(kill -USR1 <nmbd-pid>)SIGUSR2
ź(kill -USR2 <nmbd-pid>)߻ǽͨ͡ʹķһЩݵ⣬ͬʱȻ
һĲҽϵ͵ļ¼ȼС

VERSION
汾

This man page is correct for version 2.0 of the Samba suite.
ֲҳsamba׼汾2.0ġ 

SEE ALSO


inetd (8), smbd (8), smb.conf (5), smbclient (1), testparm (1), testprns (1), and the Internet
RFC's rfc1001.txt, rfc1002.txt. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available as
a link from the Web page : http://samba.org/cifs/. 
inetd (8)smbd (8)smb.conf (5)smbclient (1)testparm (1)testprns (1)׼RFC
еrfc1001.txtrfc1002.txtļҲhttp://samba.org/cifs/ҵCIFS(ԭȳνSMB)
Ĺ淶˵

AUTHOR


The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell
samba-bugs@samba.org. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source
project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
sambaعAndrew Tridgell samba-bugs@samba.orgsambaɿ
ΪLinuxں˿õĿԴƻʽչ 

The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were
converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available
at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba2.0 release by Jeremy Allison.
samba-bugs@samba.org.
sambaֲҳKarl Auer׫дԴѱתYODL(һּõĿԴ
ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/)ʽJeremy Allisonµsamba2.0汾

See samba (7) to find out how to get a full list of contributors and details on how to submit
bug reports, comments etc. 
μsamba (7)λһάбԼύ󱨸漰עȵȡ

[İά] meaculpa email:meaculpa@21cn.com
[İ¸] 2000/12/08
MAN-PAGEƻ:http://www.cmpp.net/